Thursday, December 18, 2008

Flame Retardants

Flame Retardant are substances that can be chemically inserted into the polymer molecule or be physically blended in polymers after polymerization to suppress, reduce, delay or modify the propagation of a flame through a plastic materials. There are several classes of flame retardants; Halogenated Hydrocarbons (Chlorine and Bromine containing compounds and reactive flame retardants), Inorganic flame retardants ( Boron compounds, Antimony oxides, Aluminium Hydroxide, molybdenum compounds, zinc and magnesium oxides ), Phosphorous containing compounds (Organic phosphate esters, phosphates, halogenated phosphorus compounds and inorganic phosphorus containing salts).

Inorganic
  • Metal hydroxides
    • Aluminium hydroxide
    • Magnesium hydroxide
    • Orthers
Antimony
compounds

  • Antimony trioxide
    • Antimony pentoxide
    • Sodium antimonate
    • Others

Boron
compounds

  • Boric acid
    • Borax
    • Zinc borate
    • Others

Other
metal compounds

  • Molybdenum compounds
    • Titanium compounds
    • Zirconium compounds
    • Zinc compounds
      • Zinc stannate
      • Zinc hydroxy-stannate
      • Others
    • Others

Phosphorus
compounds

  • Phosphorus compounds
    • Red phosphorus
    • Ammonium polyphosphate
    • Others

Inorganic
flame retardants

  • Ammonium sulfamate
  • Ammonium bromide

  • Others
Halogenated organic
  • Brominated
  • Tetrabromobisphenol A
  • Decabromodiphenyl ether
  • Octabromobiphenyl ether
  • Tetrabromobiphenyl ether
  • Hexabromocyclododecane
  • Tribromophenol
  • Bis(tribromophenoxy) ethane
  • Tetrabromobisphenol A polycarbonate oligomers
  • Tetrabromobisphenol A epoxy oligomers
  • Other
Chlorinated
  • Chlorinated paraffins
  • Bis(hexachlorocyclopentadieno)cyclo-octane
  • Others

Organophosphoros
  • Non-halogenated compounds
    • Phosphate esters
    • Ttrialkyl phosphates
    • Triaryl phosphates
    • Aryl-alkyl phosphates
    • Others
  • Polyols
  • Phosphonium derivatives
  • Phosphonates
  • Others

Polyols
  • Phosphonium derivatives
  • Phosphonium derivatives
  • Others
Halogenated
phosphates
  • Tris(1-chloro- 2-propyl) phosphate
  • Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate
  • Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)
  • Phosphate
  • Others
Nitrogen
-based

  • Polyurethanes
  • Polyamides
  • Melamine and its salts
  • Guanidine compounds
  • Others

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